Disinfection solution for aquaculture industry

Abstract: Disinfection mainly plays a preventive role in the occurrence of diseases in aquaculture. It is very important to choose the right disinfection time, suitable disinfection products and reasonable dosage. Keywords: aquaculture; disinfection; environmental protection

Disinfection mainly plays a preventive role in the occurrence of diseases in aquaculture. Disinfectant manufacturers introduced the use of the oxidizing property of disinfectants and changes in the osmotic pressure of pathogens, destroying the membrane structure of pathogenic microorganisms in the water body, and inactivating enzymes and proteins in pathogens, thereby causing Its death. On the one hand, disinfection can kill pathogenic microorganisms in the water body, reduce the risk of fish infection, reduce the occurrence of fish diseases, and regulate water quality. On the other hand, disinfection products have certain oxidizing and irritating properties, causing certain damage to aquatic animals. In addition, the water body is a changing and complex system, and certain chemical substances can easily cause negative effects on the water environment. Therefore, it is very important to choose the right disinfection time, the right disinfection products and the reasonable control of the dosage.

One. Factors to consider before disinfection

The disinfection time depends on the actual situation. Disinfectant is sprayed in the whole pond, usually at 9-11 am or 3-5 pm on a sunny day. Under normal circumstances, the efficacy of drugs is positively correlated with water temperature. The strength of the drug's action increases as the water temperature rises, and the speed of action increases, such as chlorine-containing disinfectants. Cationic surfactants (such as triglyceride) will increase as the pH of the water increases. Commonly used disinfection products such as quicklime have strong alkalinity. The type and content of organic matter in aquaculture water will interfere with the use of disinfectants to a certain extent. Veterinary disinfectants are mainly due to the following reasons: organic matter will form a protective layer on the surface of pathogenic microorganisms to hinder the penetration of drugs; the formation of organic matter and drugs Compounds with lower solubility than the original or weaker disinfection effect, and these compounds have a certain protective effect on pathogens; organic matter directly interacts with drugs, reducing drug concentration and affecting efficacy.

bleaching powder

Bleaching powder is a mixture of calcium hypochlorite, calcium chlorate and calcium hydroxide. It is off-white powder. The bleaching powder should be sealed and stored in a cool and dry place. Bleaching powder can prevent bacterial diseases, kill various microorganisms, has a fast sterilization effect, is convenient to use, and is cheap.

Note: The bactericidal effect of bleaching powder is greatly affected by water environmental factors. Generally, the higher the temperature, the more obvious the effect, as the PH increases, the effect weakens. Such disinfectants are also more irritating to aquatic animals.

carbon dioxide

Chlorine dioxide is easily soluble in water, and the disinfection effect does not affect the water quality. It is a safe and highly effective disinfectant in aquaculture at present. It is non-toxic, harmless, and has no residue. The bactericidal ability of chlorine dioxide is more than 10 times that of chlorine. The sterilization lasts for a long time and has no irritating effect on fish and shrimp.

Note: Chlorine dioxide must be hydrated before use. Generally, citric acid is used as the activator. The liquid medicine cannot be stored in metal containers when used, and should not be mixed with acidic organic matter and flammable materials.

Bromine disinfectant

The bromine-containing preparations commonly used in aquatic products are mainly dibromohydantoin and bromochlorohydantoin. Compared with traditional chlorine preparations, bromine-containing disinfectants are more effective, longer effective, less volatile, and less corrosive.

Note: When the active ingredient exceeds 20%, the water temperature exceeds 32 degrees, and the cumulative amount of water in three days exceeds 200g per acre will cause the death of aquatic animals during the shelling period. Therefore, the dosage should be strictly controlled.

Povidone iodine

Compared with pure iodine, Povidone-iodine has the advantages of low toxicity, high solubility, good stability, and non-irritating. It is a more effective medicine in preventing fish and shrimp viral diseases. Mainly used for surface disinfection of aquatic animals. It has strong stability, long action time, and has the functions of cleaning, decontamination and deodorization in the water body.

Note: Its bactericidal effect will be affected by the degree of pollution in the water body. Therefore, in ponds with serious water pollution, the amount should be increased according to the situation.

potassium permanganate

Potassium permanganate is easily soluble in water and is an extremely unstable strong oxidant. When its concentration is too high, it is easy to damage the gills of aquatic animals and affect the respiration of aquatic animals. Potassium permanganate is generally used for cleaning and disinfecting sick fish.

Note: Its bactericidal effect is related to the organic matter content and temperature of the water. When the water temperature is high, its oxidation is enhanced. When the water organic matter content is high, it is easy to decompose and fail. Therefore, the dosage should be flexibly controlled.

Aldehyde disinfectant

Formaldehyde is a highly effective disinfectant. It has a killing effect on bacterial propagules, bacterial spores, fungi, viruses, etc., and the action time is longer than other high-efficiency disinfectants. It is generally used for clearing ponds, because formaldehyde is volatile, so there is no Residual, note: formaldehyde cannot be stored in metal containers, it should be stored in sealed colored glass in a cool place.